What is the name of a volcano built from alternating layers of lava and ash?

• A. Shield volcano
• B. Strato volcano/ Composite volcano
• C. Caldera
• D. Lava dome

Answer: (B)

Volcanoes formed by alternating layers of lava and ash are stratovolcanoes, also known as composite volcanoes. This type builds up from repeated cycles of explosive ash and pumice eruptions followed by lava flows that harden into rock, creating a tall, steep-sided cone. The alternating layers give the characteristic layered structure.

To compare briefly: shield volcanoes are built mainly from low-viscosity lava that spreads into gentle, wide slopes; calderas are large depressions formed after major eruptions and collapse; lava domes are mplots of viscous lava that pile up near the vent rather than forming broad layered cones. The layered, alternating ash and lava pattern identifies this as a stratovolcano.